In the tapestry of Indian political thought, few figures loom as large as Chanakya (Kautilya), the ancient strategist and author of the Arthashastra. His philosophy of statecraft balances ruthlessness with responsibility, nationalism with ethics, and power with restraint. In today’s context, examining whether the current Indian government embodies Chanakya’s principles offers a compelling lens into the nature of governance and democratic sensitivity.
Chanakya’s Vision of Ideal Governance
Chanakya envisioned a ruler who:
- Prioritized national security above all.
- Encouraged economic self-sufficiency.
- Practiced diplomacy with strength.
- Valued institutional autonomy.
- Exercised compassion and justice toward all citizens.
- Listened to advisors and allowed dissent to prevent arrogance.
Governance, according to Chanakya, was not merely about ruling effectively but ruling wisely and justly.
Critical Analysis of Current Government
1. National Security and Strategic Assertiveness
Chanakya emphasized defending the kingdom through preparedness and strong alliances. The present government has shown:
- Military assertiveness (e.g., Balakot strikes, Galwan response).
- Strategic alliances like the Quad, reflecting a proactive Indo-Pacific strategy.
- Intelligence modernization and internal security measures.
These initiatives echo Chanakya’s realpolitik, where strength ensures sovereignty.
2. Economic Self-Reliance
Chanakya advised kings to develop internal economic strength to avoid foreign dependency. Today, India’s:
- Atmanirbhar Bharat campaign.
- Emphasis on Make in India.
- Tech-driven reforms and startup ecosystem.
- Focus on infrastructure and digital public goods.
…all resonate with his call for economic autonomy.
3. Handling of External Threats and Internal Subversion
Chanakya proposed strict action against internal threats and foreign-backed conspiracies. The government’s action against organizations allegedly funded by adversarial nations (e.g., NewsClick) and anti-terror operations aligns with this Chanakyan principle.
Concern should be given:
1. Tolerance for Dissent and Democratic Institutions
Chanakya warned against rulers ignoring criticism or becoming arrogant. Some critics argue:
- Media freedoms and civil society space have narrowed.
- Investigative agencies may appear to disproportionately target dissenting voices.
- Public dissent is sometimes labeled as anti-national.
Even if well-intentioned, this creates fear among democratic institutions, potentially stifling legitimate discourse.
2. Institutional Autonomy and Accountability
While India’s judiciary and Election Commission are constitutionally independent, concerns arise:
- Over perceived executive influence.
- Over use of investigative agencies during political cycles.
Chanakya upheld justice as the cornerstone of governance. Visible autonomy ensures public trust.
3. Equity and Inclusiveness
Chanakya advocated for just treatment of all communities. While government schemes like Ujjwala, Ayushman Bharat, and Jan Dhan Yojana are inclusive by design, perceptions of alienation persist:
- Around policies like the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA).
- During certain state-level crackdowns.
These perceptions, even if not rooted in reality, call for sensitive outreach and clear communication to maintain national cohesion.
4. Transparency and Electoral Reforms
Transparency is a pillar of trust. Critics highlight:
- Electoral bond opacity.
- Amendments to RTI that reduce oversight.
- Limited media questioning in formal press settings.
Chanakya believed in clear communication and visible justice. Modern democracy demands visible transparency to uphold this ideal.
Final Assessment: Chanakyan Governance in a Democratic Era
The current Indian government reflects many core Chanakyan ideals:
- Strategic foresight.
- Economic revival.
- National pride and internal discipline.
But Chanakya also stressed humility, responsiveness to criticism, and visible justice. A sensitive government not only punishes the guilty but also protects the innocent from undue fear.
In essence:
Strong governance grounded in Chanakya’s vision is effective when paired with democratic empathy.
India today needs both: strategic muscle and moral grace.
Conclusion
The current government mirrors Chanakya’s pragmatism and vision in many areas. Yet, to fully embody the spirit of sensitive and just governance, it must ensure:
- Institutions remain visibly autonomous.
- Criticism is heard, not crushed.
- Justice is both done and seen to be done.
Chanakya’s legacy lies in building a powerful yet benevolent state. A government that embodies this will not only command authority but also earn enduring respect.
Unmukt 